In a public WAN, a core switch interconnects edge switches that are positioned on the edges of related networks. In a local area network (LAN), this switch interconnects work group switches, which are relatively low-capacity switches that are usually positioned in geographic clusters.
As the name implies, a core switch is central to the network and needs to have significant capacity to handle the load sent to it. There isn't a precise definition as to how powerful this is, but clearly it is much bigger than your average desktop switch.
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