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Time complexity is a concept in computer science that deals with the quantification of the amount of time taken by a set of code or algorithm to process or run as a function of the amount of input.
In other words, time complexity is essentially efficiency, or how long a program function takes to process a given input.
Techopedia Explains Time Complexity
Time complexity is simply a measure of the time it takes for a function or expression to complete its task, as well as the name of the process to measure that time. It can be applied to almost any algorithm or function but is more useful for recursive functions. There is little point in measuring time complexity for applications such as fetching the username and password from a database for comparison or simply saving data whether it is 20 ms or 5 ms; that would be more in the line of access time. It has nothing to do with caring about its execution time, but rather that the difference is negligible. However, if there is a recursive function that may be called multiple times, determining and understanding the source of its time complexity may help shorten the overall processing time from, say, 600 ms to 100 ms.
Time complexity is expressed typically in the "big O notation," but there are other notations. This is a mathematical representation of the upper limit of the scaling factor for an algorithm and is written as O(Nn), with "N" being the number of inputs and "n" being the number of looping expressions. For example, we have the algorithm:
numbers[] = {5,6,10,11,2};foreach (number as number1)
{
foreach(number as number2){
statements; } }There are five inputs in the "numbers" array, and the "foreach" loop is repeated twice. Therefore, exponential growth in processing time occurs as the number of inputs and the number of loops grow.
