Different types of NVRAM are available. A battery-backed static RAM is the initial semiconductor using NVRAM technology, which was created by connecting it to a rechargeable battery for maintaining the power given to the static RAM when the power of the system is turned off. This technology is still available, but works effectively only for a limited time. The disadvantage is that the batteries occupy most of the useful space, and eventually get discharged.

Flash memory, the best-known form of non-volatile RAM today, replaces the battery-powered static RAM in many applications. It provides CMOS setup storage that is more reliable. The main drawback of Flash memory is that its cells cannot endure more read or write cycles.

Magneto resistive RAM (MRAM), another type of NVRAM, rectifies the drawbacks of Flash, and can endure an infinite number of read or write cycles.

Ferroelectric RAM (FeRAM), yet another type of NVRAM, stores information in the form of voltage inside a capacitor.

The advantages Of NVRAM are as follows:

• Provides excellent performance when compared to other non-volatile memory products
• Supports applications that need quick read or write operations using non-volatile memories, such as antilock braking systems and parallel processing controllers for local area networks.
• Less power is required for NVRAMs, so the backup guarantee can be ensured for up to 10 years.