Microcontroller

Definition - What does Microcontroller mean?

A microcontroller is a computer present in a single integrated circuit which is dedicated to perform one task and execute one specific application.

It contains memory, programmable input/output peripherals as well a processor. Microcontrollers are mostly designed for embedded applications and are heavily used in automatically controlled electronic devices such as cellphones, cameras, microwave ovens, washing machines, etc.

Techopedia explains Microcontroller

Features of a microcontroller:

Far more economical to control electronic devices and processes as the size and cost involved is comparatively less than other methods.
Operating at a low clock rate frequency, usually use four bit words and are designed for low power consumption.
Architecture varies greatly with respect to purpose from general to specific, and with respect to microprocessor, ROM, RAM or I/O functions.
Has a dedicated input device and often has a display for output.
Usually embedded in other equipment and are used to control features or actions of the equipment.
Program used by microcontroller is stored in ROM.
Used in situations where limited computing functions are needed