A bi-directional predictive frame (B-Frame) is part of an MPEG video compression standard. In this method, groups of sequential pictures are aggregated to form a group of pictures (GOP), which are displayed in sequence to provide video. A single bi-directional predictive frame relates to other frames directly preceding or following it.

By recording just the information that differs from a preceding picture or a following picture, the data storage requirements for each individual picture become much lower than in a technique that would store each successive image completely.

A bi-directional predictive frame may also be known as a bi-directional frame.