How are chatbots trained?
Nearly everyone has interacted with a chatbot, either through personal assistants like Apple’s Siri or through customer service departments, but how do they seem so smart? There are several ways AI developers can train these bots to give realistic responses.
The simplest way to design a bot is to have it respond to a preprogrammed range of responses. This was the approach used by Joseph Weizenbaum’s (1923-2008) ELIZA program developed in the 1960s.
ELIZA was intended to simulate a Rogerian psychotherapist. The program could only respond according to preprogrammed “scripts,” but many users found the effect so realistic that they insisted that ELIZA really was intelligent.
This has been dubbed the “ELIZA Effect.”
Research in AI has allowed for far more sophisticated approaches to developing chatbots, which allow them to “learn” from both training data provided by developers and from user input.
Let’s take the example of a chatbot used for the customer service department of a software company. The bot will first be fed information from the company’s own resources: documentation, FAQs, emails, chat transcripts, to start out with.
The bot won’t just be limited to whatever developers give it, the way ELIZA was. It will be able to learn from real interactions with customers using natural language processing (NLP).
Even with automated learning, there will still be areas where bots run into trouble. Humans will have to train the bot occasionally using supervised learning. Given the ambiguity in human languages, it will be hard to build a chatbot that could run completely unsupervised.
A human user will also likely have to check a chatbot’s result for accuracy, especially in a business context. Still, these chatbots will be more flexible than a purely rules-based program like ELIZA.
Advances in machine learning and natural language processing could make these chatbots appear even more intelligent in the future.
Tags
Written by David Delony | Contributor

More Q&As from our experts
- What is the difference between speech to text and chatbots?
- How do chatbots deal with accents?
- Can an AI chatbot really pass for a person?
Related Terms
- Chatbot
- Artificial Intelligence
- Machine Learning
- Siri
- ELIZA Effect
- Training Data
- Developer
- Natural Language Processing
- Supervised Learning
- Autonomic Computing
Related Articles

5 Ways Companies May Want to Consider Using AI

AI Technology: What to Expect in 2018

Have You Heard of an Enterprise Chatbot Platform? You Will
Tech moves fast! Stay ahead of the curve with Techopedia!
Join nearly 200,000 subscribers who receive actionable tech insights from Techopedia.
- The CIO Guide to Information Security
- Robotic Process Automation: What You Need to Know
- Data Governance Is Everyone's Business
- Key Applications for AI in the Supply Chain
- Service Mesh for Mere Mortals - Free 100+ page eBook
- Do You Need a Head of Remote?
- Web Data Collection in 2022 - Everything you need to know